Diet and Myocardial Infarction-Belgrade


Diet, as a major modifiable risk factor, vary markedly in different regions of the world, and the aim of this study was to investigate the association between different food groups and risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) among Belgrade population.
A case study involving 155 newly diagnosed cases of MI and 310 hospital-based controls was conducted. The cases and controls were matched by age (± 2 years), gender, and place of residence. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis.
Daily consumption of full-fat dairy products (OR, 7.19; 95% CI, 3.8–13.7), eggs (OR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.6–7.4) more than 3 times a week and processed meat (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2–3.7) more than two times increased the risk of MI after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Consumption of fish (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.1–0.6) and white meats (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.1–0.6) more than 2 times a week and daily consumption of fresh vegetables (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.2–0.6) and low-fat dairy products (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.3–0.9) significantly decreased the risk of MI.
The common Mediterranean diet has many heart healthy benefits. This diet encourages a high intake of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. It encourages the use of monounsaturated fats such as olive oils and does not include many saturated fats. Fish, poultry, dairy and red wine are consumed as part of the Mediterranean diet. When it comes heart health, one concern with this diet is that a large portion of its calories are often derived from fat, which can lead to increased obesity, a known risk factor for heart disease. Be sure to talk with your doctor or dietitian to find out which diet is best for you.
The findings of this study suggest that dietary patterns may be associated with risk of MI in Belgrade population.
The above Article originally was published at SciFed Journal of Cardiology in 2017, to have a glance please visit: Click Here

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Stress Induced Cardiomyopathy in Post-Menopausal Women



Takotsubo cardiomyopathy occurs in post-menopausal women undergoing emotional stress. The symptom of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an uncommon etiology of cardiac chest pain. Clinical characteristics include cardiac enzyme elevation, electrocardiogram changes, apical wall motion abnormalities and left ventricular dysfunction. However, cardiac catheterization typically show normal coronary vessels. There were also wall motion abnormalities consistent with Takotsubo pathophysiology as follows: mild LV dilation, LV dyskinesia at the anterior, apical, and distal inferior walls; and a hyper dynamic base. The most effective treatment for TCM is currently unknown due to the lack of case-control trials. However, most commonly antiplatelet medications, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and beta-adrenergic antagonists are used for treatment. Recurrence is documented, but is an extremely rare finding.
Recurrence occurs primarily in women and more commonly after TCM episodes associated with severe left ventricular dysfunction8. Singh demonstrated that patients with recurrence commonly have a significantly lower LVEF during the first episode of TCM, compared to their counterparts that did not experience recurrence. The most effective treatment for TCM is currently unknown due to the lack of case-control trials. Therefore, TCM is often treated supportively. TCM patients are most commonly discharged on antiplatelet medications, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and beta-adrenergic antagonists.
       Recurrence of TCM is a rare phenomenon making the incidence difficult to determine. Individual reports of incidence have been highly variable with ranges from 1.5-10%. Systematic reviews estimate recurrence rates of 1.5- 3.5%. Of note, they also found that the cumulative incidence of recurrence increased from 1.2% at the first six months, to nearly 5% at 6 years.
. The above Article originally got published at SciFed Journal of Cardiology in 2017, To have a glance please visit: Click Here


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